Your Xbox Live settings control what you can and can't see in chat. It's possible that you've (accidentally) turned off seeing chat messages. Resolving this is simple:
- Go to https://www.xbox.com/ and sign in to your account, by clicking the 'Sign In' button on the top right
- Visit https://account.xbox.com/Settings
- Make sure the setting
Others can communicate with voice, text or invites
is set toEveryone
as seen below:
Make sure you log in to the Xbox website with the account you use to play Minecraft. You may need to quit and restart the Minecraft app for it any changes to your privacy settings to take effect.
If your account is controlled by a parent or guardian, they will have to make the above change for you. If they intentionally turned off this setting, there is NO way around it.